Indications for colposcopy
The most common reason is an abnormal smear result or a positive high-risk HPV test. The doctor decides whether the examination is needed based on the result, the patient’s age and previous tests; not every abnormal result means a colposcopy is necessary — sometimes it is enough to repeat the smear or the HPV test after a set period.
Colposcopy is also performed for bleeding after intercourse, for changes seen during a gynaecological examination, and as part of follow-up after treatment.
What the examination involves
The patient lies on the gynaecological couch as for a routine examination. The doctor inserts a speculum and looks at the cervix through the colposcope, which does not touch the body. Next, a solution of acetic acid, and often Lugol’s iodine, is applied to the cervix; abnormal areas change colour under their influence. This may cause slight stinging.
If the doctor sees a suspicious area, a small sample is taken from it (targeted biopsy). This is felt as a brief pinch. The sample is sent for histopathological examination, the result of which is usually available after 2–3 weeks.
Preparing for a colposcopy
The examination is scheduled outside menstruation, ideally in the first half of the cycle. For 2 days before the examination, avoid intercourse, tampons, douching and vaginal medication. It is worth bringing the smear and HPV test results and a list of medications you take. You do not need to fast.
After a biopsy there may be slight spotting for a few days; for about a week it is advisable to avoid intercourse and bathing in a bathtub. The doctor gives detailed instructions after the examination.
Results and further care
The doctor discusses the colposcopic picture immediately after the examination. If a sample was taken, the plan is set once the histopathology result is available: this may be observation and a check-up after a few months, treatment of the changes (e.g. a procedure to remove the affected part of the cervix), or further diagnostics.
Colposcopy at Sonar Clinic will be performed by Barbara Ossowska, MD, a doctor in specialty training in obstetrics and gynaecology. We will publish the start date and the price of the examination on this page. Until then, the doctor will advise during a gynaecology consultation where to have a colposcopy.
